Dna And Protein Synthesis Essay - 1332 Words

DNA and Protein Synthesis One of the most fundamental properties of any and all living organisms is that of reproduction. As we all have learned, organisms inherit their genetic information defining their structure and functions from their parents. Similarly, all cells come from preexisting cells, so the genetic information is duplicated and pass from the parent to the new cell of each division. DNA is the term that is used in biology, as well as several other parts of your everyday life. We all know that DNA is a part of our bodies, but may wonder what exactly is DNA. DNA which is also known as deoxyribonucleic acid, which is the genetic material of a cell. DNA is considered to be the molecule of life, and aides in the determination of our physical characteristics. DNA is present in all living organisms. It is said that the process of protein synthesis is controlled by the DNA molecules. Proteins are used for growth and repair, as well as enzymes. Thus, DNA is able to apply some controlling influence over the cells as a whole, and ultimately the organism as well. In DNA, the segments which hold the vital key to this process are referred to as the genes. In the early 1940’s, two American geneticists by the names of George Wells Beadle, and Edward Lawrie Tatum provided one of the first vital clues. While they were working with fungi, more specifically Nuerospora and Penicillium, they found information regarding genes and how they direct the formation of enzymes through theShow MoreRelatedHow Do Bacteria Divide?1600 Words   |  7 Pagesfission. In this essay I intend to explain some aspects of DNA replication and septation – including the synthesis of peptidoglycan in the new cell wall – using the model organism Escherichia coli. Also, I will discuss the role and function of Fts proteins in cell division. Finally, I will discuss some less common forms of bacterial cell division, cell division where FtsZ is absent and some key facts from reliable sources on all the topics covered in this essay. Binary fission Before DNA replicationRead MoreThe Differences Between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Organisms Essay1696 Words   |  7 PagesThere are three main divisions of living organisms: Prokaryotes, eukaryotes and archaea. This essay will outline the division between the prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms and explore the reasoning behind such differences with regard to general structure, storage of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and its replication, metabolic processes, protein synthesis and ribonucleic acid (RNA) processing. The cell is the most basic unit of life, defined as â€Å"The fundamental ... structural and functional unitRead MoreFoundation of Molecular Biology3718 Words   |  15 PagesWrite an essay on protein structure and synthesis Protein synthesis is a cellular process leading to the production of proteins. This term is also synonymous to protein translation. It begins with a sequential process of transcription of DNA into mRNA, which is then used as input for translation after exon-intron splicing. The addition of successive tRNA molecules based on the code of mRNA matched up by base-pairing through their anti-codons in the ribosomes creates the nascent protein. After theRead MoreFall 2016 : Biol 105 Exam 4 Essay Questions Essay966 Words   |  4 Pages2016: Biol 105 Exam 4 Essay Questions Name: Please type a statement acknowledging that you understand that this assignment will make up a portion of your Exam 4 grade, that you will complete it independently, and you will not plagiarize or copy from other students, textbooks, presentation materials, or any other source. Any student who plagiarizes or works with another student will receive a zero for their grade. Statement: Read each of the following short essay questions. Answer each questionRead MoreMacromolecules And The Synthesis And Maintenance Of Cells1202 Words   |  5 PagesEugenia Winfred Matukeni 102283 BIOLOGY A ESSAY Introduction There are four main classes of macromolecules which are found in cells. These are lipids, carbohydrates, proteins and nucleic acids. They each play an important role in the synthesis and maintenance of cells. Lipids Lipids are organic compounds such as fats, natural oils, waxes and steroids. They are amphiphilic thus construct structures like vesicles and cell membranes in damp environments. Main functions of lipids are cell signalingRead MoreThe Human Body Limits Iron Stores1287 Words   |  6 Pagessegments of DNA (on a specific locus of a chromosome) that contain the code used to synthesise a protein and mRNA molecule (Khan Academy, 2014). The ‘normal’ function of the HFE protein involved with haemochromatosis is to regulate the production of the protein hepcidin, produced in the liver, which determines levels of dietary iron absorption and the it’s release from storage sites in the body (Haemochromatosis.org.au, 2014). The human body limits iron stores through the HFE protein, however hereditaryRead MoreEssay about Describe the structural compartmentation of mammalian cells1531 Words   |  7 Pagesindependently and fully in this essay. Instead I will first provide an overview of the organelles involved in protein synthesis so as to give a logical order and clearer picture of each independent organelles specific function, and then move on to some of the most important organelles with a more independent function. The membrane that bounds the organelles into specific space is called a phospholipid bilayer. As shown in Fig 1, the bilayer is permeated with different types of protein, glycolipid etc. TheseRead MoreArchaea and Eubacteria Essay830 Words   |  4 Pagessimilarities in the cell structure of Eubacteria and Achaea, molecular research by Dr Carl Woese and his co-workers indicated that they differ significantly on the molecular level (Bacteria in Biology, Biotechnology and medicine, Paul singleton). In this essay, am going to discuss the differences and similarities in the fundamental cellular feature of both organisms. Even though both Archaea and eubacteria have a cell wall to maintain rigidity throughout the cell, there are very significant differencesRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Between Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Cells1572 Words   |  7 Pagesthe online Oxford Dictionaries is a cell in which DNA is arranged in chromosomes that are â€Å"contained within a distinct nucleus†. The name prokaryotes is also defined by the Oxford dictionary as an organism that does not contain a ‘distinct nucleus with a membrane’. These two terms highlighted a very important difference between the two cells; eukaryotic cells had a true nucleus surrounded by a membrane but the prokaryotes did not. The following essay seeks to compare and contrast typical prokaryoticRead MoreHIV : Useful Treatments For Infecting HIV807 Words   |  4 Pagesinclude reverse transcriptase, protein synthesis, cell attachment, and entry into the cell.2 HAART targets multiple parts of the infection process of r etroviruses to maximize the amount of good that they can do. Many of the specific proteins that they attack are involved in changing the viral RNA into DNA that is integrated into the host cell. This is why this treatment is a prevention of spreading the virus within the patients body but it does nothing to remove the viral DNA already integrated into cells